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首先看2008年高考第20题:“It was in New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith。( )
A.thatB.how C.whichD.when
此题答案是A,考查强调句式,强调的是句子中的状语部分。强调句式是一个常用句式,所以经常出现在考题中。下面就强调句的辨别与运用总结一下。
一、强调句的基本句型
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。它可以用来改变句子结构,使句子的某一成分得到强调。
例如:原句 I told Jim the news in our office yesterday (昨天我在办公室里告诉了吉姆这条消息)。
强调主语It was I that/who told Jim the news in our office yesterday。
强调宾语It was the news that I told Jim in our office yesterday。
强调地点壮语It was in our office that I told Jim the news yesterday。
强调时间壮语It was yesterday that I told Jim the news in our office。
强调句的一般疑问句型:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。Was it you that told Jim the news in your office yesterday?
强调句的特殊疑问句型:疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+其他成分。Who was it that told Jim the news in your office yesterday? When was it that you told Jim the news in your office?
二、强调句句型强调的可以是一个词、短语也可以是从句,但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语或状语,不能是定语或谓语。
例如:He died during the Anti-Japanese War.他死于抗日战争。
变为:Was it during the Anti-Japanese War that he died?
That she lost her necklace made her so upset.(她把项链丢失了,这使她很伤心).
变为:Was it that she lost her necklace that made her so upset?
He didn’t attend the meeting because he was ill. (他因病没能参加会议).
变为:It was because he was ill that he didn’t attend the meeting.
not…until 结构的强调句为:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他成分。
也就是说强调until 引导的短语或句子时,必须把not 和until放在一起。
例如:He didn’t go to bed until ten o’clock.(直到十点种他才去睡觉).
变为:It was not until ten o’clock that he went to bed。
I didn’t realise she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.(她把墨镜摘下来,我才认出她是一位著名的影星).
变为:It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realised she was a famous film star.
有时可用It might be …that…; It must have been …that…句式表示强调。
例如;It might be his father that you’re thinking of .(你关心的可能是他父亲).
It must have been his brother that you saw.(你看到的想必是他的兄弟).
三、如何判断是否是强调句,可以恢复原句来判断,即把It is/was …that…去掉.如果剩下的成分仍然能组成一个完整的句子,这就是强调句型,否则就不是.
例如:It is there that accidents often happen.(就是在那个地方经常发生事故)
把It is/was …that…去掉剩下,Accidents often happen there.此句成立,仍然能组成一个完整的句子.
四、一定要把强调句型与下面的句型区分开来。
强调句型与It is/was+时间+when从句
It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.
此句是强调句型,昨天到午夜我才回到家.
It was midnight when I got back home yesterday.
昨天我回到家时间已经到了午夜.
强调句型与It is/was +时间+since从句
It was two years ago that I began to learn English.
此句是强调句型,就是两年前我开始学英语的 .
It is/has been two years since I began to learn English.
我学英语学了两年了.
强调句型与It is/was +not long +before从句
It was two years later that he came back from abroad.
此句是强调句型,(他两年以后回国).
It was two years before he came back from abroad.(过了两年他才回国).
五、小刀一试
1. When was ityou met him in the library?
A.where B.that C.in which D.which
2.He kept smiling secretly and we were all wondering
that made him so happy .
A.How it didB.what he didC.how it wasD.what it was
3.I don’t knowthat she always shouts at me in front of so many people.
A.why is it B.is it why C.why it is D.it is why
4.It was for no reason her boyfriend shouted at her and made her very sad.
A.why B.that C.how D.which
5.---that he managed to get the information?
---:Oh, a friend of his helped him .
Where was itB.What was it C.How was it D.Why was it
Keys: 1.B2.D3.C4.B5.C
A.thatB.how C.whichD.when
此题答案是A,考查强调句式,强调的是句子中的状语部分。强调句式是一个常用句式,所以经常出现在考题中。下面就强调句的辨别与运用总结一下。
一、强调句的基本句型
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。它可以用来改变句子结构,使句子的某一成分得到强调。
例如:原句 I told Jim the news in our office yesterday (昨天我在办公室里告诉了吉姆这条消息)。
强调主语It was I that/who told Jim the news in our office yesterday。
强调宾语It was the news that I told Jim in our office yesterday。
强调地点壮语It was in our office that I told Jim the news yesterday。
强调时间壮语It was yesterday that I told Jim the news in our office。
强调句的一般疑问句型:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。Was it you that told Jim the news in your office yesterday?
强调句的特殊疑问句型:疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+其他成分。Who was it that told Jim the news in your office yesterday? When was it that you told Jim the news in your office?
二、强调句句型强调的可以是一个词、短语也可以是从句,但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语或状语,不能是定语或谓语。
例如:He died during the Anti-Japanese War.他死于抗日战争。
变为:Was it during the Anti-Japanese War that he died?
That she lost her necklace made her so upset.(她把项链丢失了,这使她很伤心).
变为:Was it that she lost her necklace that made her so upset?
He didn’t attend the meeting because he was ill. (他因病没能参加会议).
变为:It was because he was ill that he didn’t attend the meeting.
not…until 结构的强调句为:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他成分。
也就是说强调until 引导的短语或句子时,必须把not 和until放在一起。
例如:He didn’t go to bed until ten o’clock.(直到十点种他才去睡觉).
变为:It was not until ten o’clock that he went to bed。
I didn’t realise she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.(她把墨镜摘下来,我才认出她是一位著名的影星).
变为:It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realised she was a famous film star.
有时可用It might be …that…; It must have been …that…句式表示强调。
例如;It might be his father that you’re thinking of .(你关心的可能是他父亲).
It must have been his brother that you saw.(你看到的想必是他的兄弟).
三、如何判断是否是强调句,可以恢复原句来判断,即把It is/was …that…去掉.如果剩下的成分仍然能组成一个完整的句子,这就是强调句型,否则就不是.
例如:It is there that accidents often happen.(就是在那个地方经常发生事故)
把It is/was …that…去掉剩下,Accidents often happen there.此句成立,仍然能组成一个完整的句子.
四、一定要把强调句型与下面的句型区分开来。
强调句型与It is/was+时间+when从句
It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.
此句是强调句型,昨天到午夜我才回到家.
It was midnight when I got back home yesterday.
昨天我回到家时间已经到了午夜.
强调句型与It is/was +时间+since从句
It was two years ago that I began to learn English.
此句是强调句型,就是两年前我开始学英语的 .
It is/has been two years since I began to learn English.
我学英语学了两年了.
强调句型与It is/was +not long +before从句
It was two years later that he came back from abroad.
此句是强调句型,(他两年以后回国).
It was two years before he came back from abroad.(过了两年他才回国).
五、小刀一试
1. When was ityou met him in the library?
A.where B.that C.in which D.which
2.He kept smiling secretly and we were all wondering
that made him so happy .
A.How it didB.what he didC.how it wasD.what it was
3.I don’t knowthat she always shouts at me in front of so many people.
A.why is it B.is it why C.why it is D.it is why
4.It was for no reason her boyfriend shouted at her and made her very sad.
A.why B.that C.how D.which
5.---that he managed to get the information?
---:Oh, a friend of his helped him .
Where was itB.What was it C.How was it D.Why was it
Keys: 1.B2.D3.C4.B5.C