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目的:观察远航对女舰员内分泌、优势卵泡形成及月经等情况的影响。方法:选择我军新型登陆舰及医院船女舰员56例,分别于出航前、出航后1个月、出航后3个月测定其血清激素水平,并监测优势卵泡,同时进行月经情况问卷调查。结果:(1)出航后1个月,雌二醇(E2)、黄体酮(P)水平均较出航前显著降低(P<0.05),黄体生成激素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、催乳素(PRL)、睾酮(T)水平与出航前比较差异不显著(P>0.05);出航后3个月,LH、FSH、E2、P水平均较出航前非常显著降低(P<0.01),PRL水平较出航前显著升高(P<0.05),T水平与出航前比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)出航后1个月,具有优势卵泡者有所减少,但与出航前比较差异不显著(P>0.05);出航后3个月,具有优势卵泡者显著减少(P<0.05)。(3)出航后3个月,月经异常总发生率42.9%,非常显著高于出航前的8.9%(P<0.01),其中,月经周期缩短或延长、月经周期紊乱的发生率显著高于出航前(P<0.05);经前期紧张综合征、睡眠异常发生率较出航前显著升高(P<0.05);对采用口服避孕药治疗月经异常的接受程度也较出航前非常显著提高(P<0.01)。结论:长时间远航对女舰员内分泌、优势卵泡形成及月经等情况影响显著,应给予高度重视。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of voyage on the endocrine, predominant follicular formation and menstruation of the seafarers. Methods: 56 cases of new landing ship and hospital shipwreck of our army were selected. The levels of serum hormone were measured before departure, 1 month after the departure and 3 months after the departure. The dominant follicles were also monitored, and the menstrual situation questionnaire . Results: (1) Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) levels were significantly decreased (P <0.05), LH, FSH, The levels of prolactin (PRL) and testosterone (T) were not significantly different from those before flight (P> 0.05). The levels of LH, FSH, E2 and P at 3 months after departure were significantly lower than those before flight (P <0.01) (P <0.05). The level of PRL was not significantly different from before departure (P> 0.05). (2) There was a decrease of dominant follicles at one month after departure, but no significant difference with pre-departure (P> 0.05). At 3 months after departure, the dominant follicles were significantly decreased (P <0.05). (3) The total incidence of abnormal menstruation was 42.9% at 3 months after departure, which was significantly higher than 8.9% before departure (P <0.01). Among them, the menstrual cycle was shortened or prolonged, the incidence of menstrual cycle disorder was significantly higher than that of sailing (P <0.05); premenstrual tension syndrome, the incidence of sleep abnormalities than before the flight was significantly increased (P <0.05), the use of oral contraceptives for treatment of menstrual abnormalities were significantly better than before departure (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Long-distance voyage has a significant impact on the endocrine, predominant follicular formation and menstrual conditions of the crew, and should be given high priority.