本文以覆盖准噶尔盆地西南缘的四景ＬａｎｄｓａｔＴＭ卫星遥感影像的地质解译为基础，结合野外实地地质考察所获取的地质资料以及盆地烃源岩的生烃、排烃模拟结果，对该区第二、三排构造带自上新世以来的新构造运动变形特征，背斜和断裂构造的形成时代以及新构造运动与油气藏的关系进行了综合分析。研究结果表明，该区第二、三排构造带的新构造运动变形非常强烈，发育于这二排构造带上的背斜构造和断裂构造的构造变形始于上新世末期，早更新世末期是新构造变形最强烈的时期，第二、三排背斜构造带在中更新世早期已基本形成。有利烃源岩———安集海河组的排烃高峰晚于背斜构造形成时期，其生成的油气很有可能聚集于这些背斜构造中。发育于背斜构造核部或北翼一侧的逆冲断裂构造，一方面为油气垂向运移提供良好的通道，另一方面也破坏了油气构造，为油气的逸散创造了条件 Based on the geological interpretations of four Landsat TM satellite remote sensing images in the southwestern margin of the Junggar Basin, combining with the geological data obtained from the field geologic investigation in the field and the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation results of source rocks in the basin, , The structural features of the three tectonic belts since the Neocene in the Neotectonic movement, the formation of anticlines and fault structures, and the relationship between neotectonic movement and hydrocarbon reservoirs. The results show that the tectonic deformation of the second tectonic belt and the third trending tectonic belt in this area are very intense. The anticlinal structure and structural deformation developed on these two rows of structural zones begin with the end of the Pliocene and early Pleistocene It is the most intense period of new tectonic deformation. The second and third row of anticline belts have been basically formed in the early Middle Pleistocene. The hydrocarbon generation peak of the favorable source rock, the Anjihaihe Formation, is later than the ancillary tectonic formation period, and the hydrocarbons generated from it are likely to accumulate in these anticlines. Thrust structures developed on the core of the anticline or on the north wing side provide a good channel for the vertical migration of oil and gas on the one hand and destroy the structure of oil and gas on the other hand and create the conditions for oil and gas to escape