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现代汉语副词“也”的多义性是汉语学界研究的一个热点,然而目前学界对“也”字意义的解释不够系统,对其义项也尚未形成统一的认识。本文基于系统功能语言学语义和句法理论对副词“也”进行了系统的考察,以期明确副词“也”在不同情况下所表达的各种意义及其相应的句法功能。研究结果表明:在语义层面,副词“也”主要表达逻辑意义和人际意义。逻辑意义主要涵盖追加、条件、让步、转折和假设/因果逻辑语义关系;人际意义主要指委婉和强调的情态意义。在句法层面,“也”对应逻辑意义说明连接词或粘合词成分,对应人际意义说明推断状语或推断语成分。
The ambiguity of modern Chinese adverb “also ” is a hot spot in the study of Chinese scholarship. However, the explanation of the meanings of “ is not yet systematic, and its meaning has not yet formed a unified understanding. In this paper, the adverb ”also “ is systematically investigated based on the semantics and syntactic theory of system functional linguistics in order to clarify the various meanings and corresponding syntactic functions of adverbs ”also “ in different situations. The results show that: at the semantic level, the adverb ”also “ mainly expresses the logical meaning and the interpersonal meaning. The logical meaning mainly covers the semantic relations of addition, condition, concession, transition and hypothesis / causal logic. The interpersonal meaning mainly refers to the euphemistic and emphasized modality meaning. At the syntactic level, ”also " corresponds to the logical meaning of conjunctive or adhesive word components, corresponding to the interpersonal meaning of inferred adverbials or inferred language components.