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目的:分析健康效用评价的影响因素,为关注亚组人群健康偏好的卫生决策者、制药企业等提供参考,并为成本-效用分析中选择合适人群来测量健康偏好提供依据。方法:选取贵州省内年满16周岁的城市及农村人群各240例作为受访者,采用时间权衡法直接测量欧洲五维健康量表部分状态的效用值,构建计量模型,分析受访者年龄、性别、民族、受教育程度、医疗保险、自身健康状况等因素对所有健康状态及轻度、中度、重度状态的影响。结果:共发放481份问卷,回收有效问卷467份,有效率为97.09%。女性、少数民族、年龄较大、有医疗保险、患有经医师诊断的慢性病或过去1个月健康状况较差的受访者给予健康状态效用较高的评价值,而没有配偶或与配偶分居、受教育水平偏低的受访者则给予较低的评价值。结论:受访者的个人特征对其在评价健康效用时存在显著影响,相关研究应根据需要选择合适的偏好来源。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influencing factors of health utility evaluation, to provide reference for health decision-makers and pharmaceutical companies concerned with the health preference of sub-population, and to provide basis for selecting appropriate population to measure health preference in cost-utility analysis. Methods: 240 urban and rural population aged over 16 years in Guizhou Province were selected as respondents. The time trade-off method was used to directly measure the utility value of some states of the five-dimensional health scale in Europe. The econometric model was constructed and the age of respondents , Gender, ethnicity, education level, medical insurance, their own health status and other factors on all health status and mild, moderate and severe status. Results: A total of 481 questionnaires were distributed and 467 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 97.09%. Women, ethnic minorities, older, medical insurance, chronic illness diagnosed by a physician, or poor health status in the past month gave higher-utility scores for health status without spouse or spouse separation Respondents with low education level gave a lower rating. CONCLUSION: The personal characteristics of respondents have a significant impact on their evaluation of the health utility, and the relevant research should select appropriate preference sources according to their needs.