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以1964—2013年海南省确诊的尘肺病为研究对象,分别对尘肺病时间分布、地区和行业分布、工种、接尘工龄和并发肺结核等进行分析。结果显示,1964—2013年海南省累计报告尘肺病例727例,出现两个发病高峰时期,分别在1985—1995年、2006—2012年期间;96.01%的尘肺病例种类为矽肺;尘肺发病主要集中在东方市(62.31%),其次为昌江县(12.10%);行业以采矿和选矿业为主(90.51%);尘肺病例平均接尘工龄(11.41±7.22)年,其中壹期、贰期和叁期尘肺病例平均接尘工龄分别为(12.49±9.98)年、(11.16±9.23)年和(8.30±5.12)年;尘肺病例以采矿工和凿岩工为主(占74.69%);尘肺期别越高,肺结核的并发率越高(χ2=14.61,P<0.005);农民工是海南省近期尘肺病确诊报告的主要群体(占65.47%)。提示海南省尘肺病发病重点地区主要集中在海南西部,采矿和选矿业是尘肺病发病的重点行业。
Taking the pneumoconiosis diagnosed in Hainan Province from 1964 to 2013 as the research object, the distribution of pneumoconiosis, regional and industrial distribution, types of work, the length of service and the concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed respectively. The results showed that a total of 727 pneumoconiosis cases were reported in Hainan Province from 1964 to 2013, with two peak occurrence periods, from 1985 to 1995 and 2006 to 2012 respectively. 96.01% of pneumoconiosis cases were silicotic pneumoconiosis. The incidence of pneumoconiosis mainly concentrated in Dongfang City (62.31%), followed by Changjiang County (12.10%); mining and ore dressing industry (90.51%); pneumoconiosis average dusting service (11.41 ± 7.22) years, of which Phase I, II and III The average duration of dusting in patients with pneumoconiosis was (12.49 ± 9.98) years, (11.16 ± 9.23) years and (8.30 ± 5.12) years respectively. The pneumoconiosis patients were mainly miners and rock drills (74.69%); The higher the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (χ2 = 14.61, P <0.005). Migrant workers are the major group (65.47%) of the recent reports of pneumoconiosis in Hainan Province. Prompt Hainan Province, the focus of the incidence of pneumoconiosis mainly in western Hainan, mining and mineral processing industry is the focus of the incidence of pneumoconiosis.