低血钙性疾病

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低钙血症的临床表现不一,从无症状性的生化异常到严重时威胁生命的病症。其病因也多种多样(表1),按照血清甲状旁腺激素(PTH)浓度的高低可以分为低(甲状旁腺功能减退症)或高(与继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症相关的疾病)两大类。低钙血症最常见的病因有甲状旁腺功能减退、维生素D缺乏或代谢异常、急性或慢性肾功能衰竭以及低镁血症。血清总钙浓度的正常值为2.15~2.65mmol/L。
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