本世纪初，美国科学家PaulEhrlich提出一个设想；制备一种对特定器官具有特异亲和力的小体，通过它们将有治疗功效的制剂直接带到有问题的器官。免疫学家首先尝试用免疫球蛋白（主要是多克隆抗体）对癌症诊断和治疗，结果成效甚微。产生单克隆抗体的杂交瘤技术问世后，公认单克 At the beginning of this century, American scientist Paul Ehrlich proposed an idea; to prepare a small body with specific affinity for specific organs, through which therapeutically effective preparations are brought directly to the problematic organ. Immunologists first tried to use immunoglobulins (mainly polyclonal antibodies) to diagnose and treat cancer, with little success. After the introduction of monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma technology, it was recognized that