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目的了解汝城县钩体病的流行特征,为有效控制钩体病的发生和流行提供依据。方法对汝城县1972~2012年钩体病疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 41年间汝城县累计报告钩体病1663例,死亡49例,年均报告发病率12.94/10万。发病率呈逐年下降趋势,到2006年以后没有病例报告。病例分布在丘陵地区且种植双季稻的乡镇,发病呈明显季节性,夏秋季(8~9月)为主,主要集中在8月份(占88.96%),冬春季没有病例;男性明显高于女性,男女之比2.20:1,以青壮年(15~40岁)为主,占79.13%,职业以农民为主(占64.02%),其次是学生(占28.48%)。钩体病感染率分布同病例的分布特征相吻合。结论汝城县钩体病发病率下降显著,可能同农村由种植双季稻改为种植一季稻有关。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of leptospirosis in Rucheng County and provide the basis for the effective control of the occurrence and prevalence of leptospirosis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of Leptospirosis in Rucheng County from 1972 to 2012 was conducted. Results In 41 years, a total of 1 663 cases of Leptospirosis and 49 deaths were reported in Rucheng County, with an average annual incidence of 12.94 / 100 000. The incidence showed a downward trend year by year, no case report after 2006. The cases were mainly distributed in hilly areas and double cropping rice in villages and towns, the incidence was obviously seasonal, mainly in summer and autumn (August to September), mainly in August (88.96%), no case in winter and spring; The ratio of women to men was 2.20: 1, mainly young adults (15-40 years old), accounting for 79.13%. The main occupation was farmer (64.02%), followed by students (28.48%). The distribution of leptospirosis was consistent with the distribution characteristics of the cases. Conclusion The incidence of leptospirosis in Rucheng County decreased significantly, which may be related to the change from planting double cropping rice to planting a single crop of rice in rural areas.