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采用盆栽试验,研究了淹水条件下施用锌肥(ZnSO4.7H2O)与含巯基废弃物(蒜皮)对污染土壤中镉生物有效性的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,施用锌肥(0.2 g kg-1)后水稻增产25%(P<0.05),在淹水平衡7 d时土壤中有效硫和有效锌含量显著提高,增幅分别为267.9%和684.4%,而土壤中有效态镉含量降幅达61.3%(P<0.05);水稻移栽30 d和60 d时,土壤中有效硫和有效锌含量仍显著高于对照,有效态镉显著低于对照,但随着时间的推移均呈下降趋势,水稻根系和糙米镉含量较对照降低了31.0%(P<0.05)和38.9%(P<0.05)。与对照相比,施用蒜皮(1 g kg-1)的土壤有效硫随时间的推移呈上升趋势,同时有效态镉含量下降,水稻根系和糙米中镉含量降低,但差异均不显著。锌肥与蒜皮配合施用的效果优于两者单施。因此,淹水还原条件下施用适量含硫锌肥可有效降低污染土壤中镉的活性,减少水稻的镉累积,而本试验条件下施用富含巯基的蒜皮效果不明显。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of ZnSO4.7H2O and Cd-containing wastes on the bioavailability of cadmium in contaminated soils under flooding conditions. The results showed that compared with the control, the yield of rice increased by 25% (P <0.05) after applying zinc fertilizer (0.2 g kg-1), and the content of available sulfur and available zinc in soil increased significantly 267.9% and 684.4%, respectively, while available cadmium content in soil decreased by 61.3% (P <0.05). At 30 d and 60 d after transplanting, available sulfur and available zinc in soil were still significantly higher than those in control, (P <0.05) and decreased by 38.9% (P <0.05) compared with the control. However, the contents of Cd in rice roots and brown rice decreased by 31.0% (P <0.05) and decreased by 38.9% Compared with the control, available sulfur in garlic skin (1 g kg-1) increased with the passage of time and the available cadmium content decreased while the content of cadmium in rice roots and brown rice decreased, but the difference was not significant. Zinc fertilizer and garlic skin with the application of better than both single application. Therefore, the application of sulfur-containing zinc fertilizer under flooded conditions could effectively reduce the activity of cadmium in contaminated soils and reduce the accumulation of cadmium in rice plants. However, the effect of applying sulfhydryl-rich garlic skin was not obvious under the experimental conditions.