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矫正正义理论和经济分析理论是在美国占主导地位的两种侵权法理论。矫正正义的概念源于亚里士多德,该理论通过在当事人之间实现应填补损害的赔偿来实现正义与社会福利双重目标;与之相对,经济分析理论认为其自身忠实地遵循了功利主义的要求并将社会福利最大化作为侵权法的目标。在某种程度上,经济分析理论所具有的外部性视角和面向未来型结构使其无法与侵权法相适应,而强调利益多元与价值平衡的矫正正义理论则具有更强的解释力。此外,区分经济分析理论与经济分析方法有助于为侵权法理论提供更加精确、有效的分析工具。
Correctional justice and economic analysis are two theories of tort law that dominate the United States. The concept of corrective justice stems from Aristotle, which realizes the dual goals of justice and social welfare by bringing compensation between parties to compensate for damage; in contrast, economic analysis theory sees itself faithfully following utilitarianism Requirements and maximize social welfare as the goal of tort law. To some extent, the external perspective and the future oriented structure of economic analysis theory make it impossible to adapt to tort law, while the corrective justice theory which emphasizes the balance of interests and value has stronger explanatory power. In addition, the distinction between economic analysis and economic analysis helps to provide a more accurate and effective analytical tool for the theory of tort law.