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低活化的铁素体/马氏体钢(RAFM)以其高导热率、低热膨胀率、高抗辐照肿胀能力成为未来核聚变堆重要的候选结构材料,在聚变堆高能中子辐照环境由于(n,α)核反应产生的高浓度He在材料中的积累对于材料微观结构和宏观性能的影响是关系这类材料服役寿命的重要问题。本工作研究了面向聚变反应堆应用的两种国产低活化钢(CLF、CNS)的辐照硬化效应,利用中国科学院近代物理研究所320 kV高压实验平台提供的4He离子束进行辐照实验,辐照剂量6×10~(-3),6×10~(-2),6×10~(-1)dpa(辐照损伤/原子平均离位),对应注He浓度分别为100,1 000,10 000 appm(氦离子浓度/百万分之一)。采用多能注入方法,在样品表面至1微米深度形成He浓度和离位损伤的坪区分布。利用纳米压痕仪对参比样品和注入He的样品进行了连续刚度测试。基于NIX—GAO模型对纳米硬度数据进行分析,获得了注入He的区域样品纳米硬度的数据。研究表明,注入He区域的纳米硬度与辐照损伤水平之间存在着1/2次幂函数的关系。未辐照CLF钢比CNS钢的纳米硬度略低,随着辐照剂量的增加,CLF钢呈现的辐照硬化现象更明显。
Low activation ferrite / martensitic steel (RAFM) has become an important candidate material for future nuclear fusion reactor due to its high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion and high anti-radiation swelling ability. The effect of the accumulation of high concentration He in the material due to the (n, α) nuclear reaction on the microstructure and macroscopic properties of the material is an important issue concerning the service life of such materials. In this work, we studied the radiation hardening effect of two domestic low-activation steels (CLFs, CNSs) for fusion reactor applications. The 4He ion beam provided by the 320 kV high-voltage experimental platform of Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences was used for irradiation experiments. The dose of 6 × 10 -3, 6 × 10 -2, 6 × 10 -1 dpa (irradiation damage / average ionization), the corresponding note He concentration were 100, 1000, 10 000 appm (helium ion concentration / parts per million). Multi-energy injection method was used to form a plateau distribution of He concentration and out-of-position damage on the sample surface to a depth of 1 μm. A continuous stiffness test was performed on the reference and He-injected samples using a nano indenter. Based on the NIX-GAO model, the nano-hardness data were analyzed, and the data of the nano-hardness of the regional samples injected into He were obtained. Studies have shown that there is a ½ power relationship between the nano-hardness injected into the He region and the level of radiation damage. The non-irradiated CLF steel slightly lower than the nano-hardness of the CNS steel, with the radiation dose increases, the CLF steel presents radiation hardening phenomenon is more obvious.