阐明体外循环 (CPB)围手术期病理生理改变机制 ,探讨各脏器功能保护策略是目前心脏外科面临的重要课题。以往用大动物作为前临床实验模型 ,前临床的实验研究一般都建立在大动物平台之上 ,费用昂贵 ,围手术期管理困难 ,检测指标有限 ,限制了相关科研的深入开展。建立大鼠CPB模型具有费用低廉、装置简便、检测潜力大等优点 ,逐步受到国内、外学者的关注 ,但由于动物较小 ,在设计装置和手术技术上有一定难度 ,所以在实际中尚未得到广泛应用。作者对大鼠不同的CPB模型进行综述 ,比较各自优、缺点 ,提出更加理想的、接近于临床的模型要求。 To elucidate the mechanism of perioperative pathophysiology of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and to explore the strategy of functional protection of each organ is an important issue in cardiac surgery. In the past, large animals were used as a former clinical experimental model. Pre-clinical experimental studies were generally based on large animal platforms, which were expensive, difficult to manage during perioperative period, and limited the detection index, which limited the further development of related scientific research. The establishment of rat CPB model has the advantages of low cost, simple device and great detection potential, and has gradually attracted the attention of domestic and foreign scholars. However, due to the small animal, it is difficult to design the device and surgical technique, so it has not been obtained in practice widely used. The authors reviewed different CPB models in rats and compared their respective advantages and disadvantages to propose more ideal and nearly clinical model requirements.