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中国西北地区是以若干克拉通为基础，通过造山带拼合形成的盆地山脉省。主要盆地都具有古生界台盆相、中生界泛盆地相与新生界磨拉石相三层结构；历史发展经历了三期拉张，四期挤压，相应产生了海相、海陆交互相与陆相三大套生储油岩系，并出现四次生烃与成藏高峰；海相与陆相两套层系都有丰富的油气资源，但石油地质特征不同，应施于不同的研究与勘探对策；发育三类盆地，以克拉通和前陆盆地找油气潜力最大。
Northwest China is based on a number of cratons, formed by orogenic belt basin mountain province. The main basins all have the Paleozoic basin facies, the Mesozoic pan basin facies and the Cenozoic molasse three-layer structure. The historical development experienced three stages of tensioning and four periods of compression, resulting in the formation of marine facies, Each other and the terrestrial three major reservoirs of oil and gas reservoirs, and the fourth generation of hydrocarbon generation and accumulation peak; both the marine and continental facies are rich in oil and gas resources, but the different characteristics of petroleum geology, should be applied to different studies And exploration strategy. In the three types of basins, the potential for hydrocarbon discovery is the largest in the craton and foreland basins.