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英语中，有一些动词或动词短语后面既可接动名词又可接不定式，但意义不同。
1. mean (to do/doing)
mean to do表示“企图，打算做……”；mean doing则表示“意味着，需要……”。例：
Success means working very hard．成功意味着刻苦努力。
He meant to drive there， but his car broke down．他本打算驾车去那儿，但车子抛锚了。
2. chance (doing/to do)
chance doing表示“冒险试试”；chance to do则表示“碰巧”。例：
He chanced betting all his money on the race．他将全部的钱冒险下注于那场竞赛。
I chanced to look out of the window and saw the accident．我碰巧往窗外看，结果看到了那件事。
3. demand/deserve/need/require/want (to do/doing)
当句中谓语动词为这些动词时，句子的主语是动作的使动者，宾语用不定式的主动形式；若句子的主语是被动者，宾语则用动名词的主动形式，相当于不定式的被动式。例：
I want to tidy my bedroom．我想整理我的卧室。(I是动作tidy的使动者。)
My bedroom wants tidying．我的卧室需要整理。(My bedroom是动作tidy的被动者。)
The matter demands looking into．这件事需要调查。(=The matter demands to be looked into．)
Your suggestion deserves considering．你的建议值得考虑。(=Your suggestion deserves to be considered．)
4. consider/allow/permit/advise (to do/doing）
这几个动词接动名词做宾语，接不定式做复合宾语。需注意区别其带复合宾语的被动式结构，虽然不定式紧跟其后但不是做宾语而是做主语的补语。例：
He is considering studying abroad．他正考虑出国留学。
He is considered to have lied to us．(=We are considering him to have lied to us.) 他被认为对我们撒了谎。
They never allow/permit smoking here．他们从不允许在此抽烟。
Are you allowed/permitted to stay out late?(=Do your parents allow/permit you to stay out late?)你父母允许你深夜不归吗?
5. be used to doing/be used to do
be used to doing也可用get/become used to doing，表示“习惯于……”；be used to do表示“被用来做……”。例：
She is/gets/becomes used to living in the country. 她习惯于住在乡下。
The knife is used to peel fruits．那刀是用来削果皮的。
6. be/feel afraid (of doing/to do)
前者表示“害怕发生某种后果”，后者表示“不敢做某事”。例：
She was afraid to cross the narrow wooden bridge because she felt afraid of falling into the river. 她不敢过那座狭窄的小木桥，因为害怕会掉入河中。
7. be/feel sure (of doing/to do)
前者表示主观的判断看法，后者表示客观的判断看法。例：
He is sure of succeeding in the experiment．他相信自己的实验一定能成功。(=He is sure that he will succeed in the experiment.)
He is sure to succeed in the experiment．他的实验一定能成功。(=In the view of others， he will certainly succeed in the experiment.)
1. mean (to do/doing)
mean to do表示“企图，打算做……”；mean doing则表示“意味着，需要……”。例：
Success means working very hard．成功意味着刻苦努力。
He meant to drive there， but his car broke down．他本打算驾车去那儿，但车子抛锚了。
2. chance (doing/to do)
chance doing表示“冒险试试”；chance to do则表示“碰巧”。例：
He chanced betting all his money on the race．他将全部的钱冒险下注于那场竞赛。
I chanced to look out of the window and saw the accident．我碰巧往窗外看，结果看到了那件事。
3. demand/deserve/need/require/want (to do/doing)
当句中谓语动词为这些动词时，句子的主语是动作的使动者，宾语用不定式的主动形式；若句子的主语是被动者，宾语则用动名词的主动形式，相当于不定式的被动式。例：
I want to tidy my bedroom．我想整理我的卧室。(I是动作tidy的使动者。)
My bedroom wants tidying．我的卧室需要整理。(My bedroom是动作tidy的被动者。)
The matter demands looking into．这件事需要调查。(=The matter demands to be looked into．)
Your suggestion deserves considering．你的建议值得考虑。(=Your suggestion deserves to be considered．)
4. consider/allow/permit/advise (to do/doing）
这几个动词接动名词做宾语，接不定式做复合宾语。需注意区别其带复合宾语的被动式结构，虽然不定式紧跟其后但不是做宾语而是做主语的补语。例：
He is considering studying abroad．他正考虑出国留学。
He is considered to have lied to us．(=We are considering him to have lied to us.) 他被认为对我们撒了谎。
They never allow/permit smoking here．他们从不允许在此抽烟。
Are you allowed/permitted to stay out late?(=Do your parents allow/permit you to stay out late?)你父母允许你深夜不归吗?
5. be used to doing/be used to do
be used to doing也可用get/become used to doing，表示“习惯于……”；be used to do表示“被用来做……”。例：
She is/gets/becomes used to living in the country. 她习惯于住在乡下。
The knife is used to peel fruits．那刀是用来削果皮的。
6. be/feel afraid (of doing/to do)
前者表示“害怕发生某种后果”，后者表示“不敢做某事”。例：
She was afraid to cross the narrow wooden bridge because she felt afraid of falling into the river. 她不敢过那座狭窄的小木桥，因为害怕会掉入河中。
7. be/feel sure (of doing/to do)
前者表示主观的判断看法，后者表示客观的判断看法。例：
He is sure of succeeding in the experiment．他相信自己的实验一定能成功。(=He is sure that he will succeed in the experiment.)
He is sure to succeed in the experiment．他的实验一定能成功。(=In the view of others， he will certainly succeed in the experiment.)