理论界对《资本论》的研究对象存在着诸多争论。《资本论》的研究对象应为资本主义生产的条件和形式以及和它相适应的生产关系、交换关系和分配关系。其中首要的研究对象是资本主义生产的条件和形式;“交换关系”既是商品交换形成的关系,也是“分配关系”的实现形式。《资本论》三卷的理论体系正是各有侧重地对《资本论》研究对象的全面展开。 There are many controversies about the object of study of Capital by theorists. The object of study of “capitalism” should be the conditions and forms of capitalist production and the relations of production, exchange and distribution appropriate to it. The chief research object is the conditions and forms of capitalist production. The “exchange relationship” is not only the relation formed by commodity exchange, but also the realization form of “distribution relation ”. The theoretical system of Capital’s Three Volumes focuses on the full implementation of the research object of Capital.