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心理语言学界关于大脑词库的组织存在三种较为流行的理论,即层次网络模式、扩展激活模式和原型理论。前两种模式是基于语义网络基础之上的。这两种模式认为,词汇是存储于网络之中的节点,各个节点由复杂的语义关系相联系构成一个语义网络系统。节点之间的距离由分类关系、典型性及相关概念的关联程度等结构特征所决定。原型理论也阐述了词义在大脑词库中存储的典型性。原型即为同一范畴中最具典型性的词。关于大脑词库的组织的理论对于词典建构具有指导性意义。基于大脑词库理论进行的词典建构将更具科学性,更符合人们的认知规律。
Psycholinguistics There are three popular theories about brain thesaurus organizations, namely, the hierarchical network model, the extended activation model and the prototype theory. The first two models are based on semantic networks. The two models think that vocabulary is stored in the network nodes, each node by the complex relationship of semantic relations to form a semantic network system. The distance between nodes is determined by the structural features such as the classification relations, the typicality and the related degree of related concepts. Prototype theory also expounds the typical meaning of meaning stored in the brain lexicon. Prototypes are the most typical words in the same category. The theory of the organization of the brain lexicon is instructive for dictionary construction. The dictionary construction based on the brain lexicon theory will be more scientific and more in line with people’s cognitive rules.