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幽门螺杆菌是引起人类消化性溃疡、胃腺癌和黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤等的主要原因,在世界各地人群中感染率高达50%以上。关于幽门螺杆菌感染还有很多问题没有解决,其中包括幽门螺杆菌定植和传播机制。幽门螺杆菌可以定植在人胃肠的不同部位,是否存在多克隆定植还不明确。幽门螺杆菌感染是人与人之间的传播,传播途径可能是通过口-口、粪-口或胃-口,传播方式可能以家庭内传播为主,其具体传播途径和方式尚无定论。幽门螺杆菌基因分型技术对定植类型和传播方式的研究有重要意义。幽门螺杆菌基因分型有多种技术,包括随机扩增多态性DNA技术(RAPD),扩增片段长度多态性分析(AFLP),多位点测序分型(MLST)等,这些技术可能都不是幽门螺杆菌基因分型的合适方法。本文分析了幽门螺杆菌基因分型方法现状,重点阐述了幽门螺杆菌脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)基因分型技术应用进展,探讨其揭示幽门螺杆菌定植和传播之谜的可能。
Helicobacter pylori is the main cause of human peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and the infection rate in the population around the world is as high as 50% or more. There are many problems with H. pylori infection that remain unresolved, including the mechanism of H. pylori colonization and transmission. Helicobacter pylori colonization in different parts of the human gastrointestinal, polyclonal colonization is still not clear. Helicobacter pylori infection is spread between people, the route of transmission may be through the mouth - mouth, fecal - mouth or stomach - mouth, the mode of transmission may be the main transmission within the family, the specific route and manner of transmission is not conclusive. Helicobacter pylori genotyping technology for planting types and modes of transmission is of great significance. There are several techniques for genotyping Helicobacter pylori, including random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), multiple site sequencing (MLST), etc. These techniques may Neither is a suitable method of genotyping Helicobacter pylori. This article analyzes the status quo of genotyping Helicobacter pylori and focuses on the application of PFGE genotyping technology to explore the possibility of revealing the mystery of Helicobacter pylori colonization and transmission.