一、蔡尔德、怀特、斯图尔德在文化进化论几乎完全黯然失色的四十年左右期间中,有些人类学家却还在进化论的传统中工作。其中最著名的可能是美国人类学家怀特、斯图尔德和英国著名考古学家蔡尔德。在一些技术性的考古著作中和较普及的论述中(《人类创造本身》1941、《历史发生了什么》1946)蔡尔德利用考古学提供的资料论证,人类历史中某些引人注目的技术进步(植物的培植、动物的驯化、灌溉农业、冶金术的发明等等)引起了人类文化生活整个结构的变 First, Child, White, and Steward Some anthropologists still work in the tradition of evolution during the nearly four decades of cultural evolution almost completely eclipsed. One of the most famous may be the American anthropologist White, Stewart and the famous British archeologist Child. In some technical archeological writings and in more general discourses (The Creation of Mankind itself, 1941, What happened in the history, 1946), Child argues that some of the remarkable technological advances in human history The cultivation of plants, the domestication of animals, the irrigation of agriculture, the invention of metallurgy, etc.) caused the entire structure of human cultural life to change