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目的:选取天麻3种变型,测定ITS-1序列并进行对比分析,找出变异信息位点,对不同变异类型亲缘关系作出判定。方法:采用改良的CTAB法提取DNA,利用合成的特异引物对ITS区进行扩增,并对目的片段测序分析。结果:ITS-1共计209bp,序列片段上有27个单核苷酸变异位点,ITS-1单核苷酸多态性以碱基转换为主,绿天麻最高达80.8%,乌天麻最低也达70%;黄天麻居中达71.4%。在多态性位点数及多态性频率上,绿天麻均表现为最高分别为26、8.04;黄天麻表现居中为21、9.95;乌天麻表现最低为20、10.45。结论:乌天麻是古老类型,绿天麻是较为进化的类型,黄、绿天麻是由乌天麻进化而来。
OBJECTIVE: To select 3 variants of Gastrodia elata L., to determine the sequences of ITS-1, and to compare and analyze them, to find out the information points of variation and to make a judgment on the genetic relationship of different mutation types. Methods: The improved CTAB method was used to extract DNA. The ITS region was amplified by using specific primers, and the target fragment was sequenced. Results: ITS-1 was 209bp in total and 27 SNPs were found in the ITS-1 SNP. ITS-1 SNP was predominantly base-converted, up to 80.8% Up to 70%; Huangtianma up to 71.4%. In the number of polymorphic loci and polymorphic frequency, the highest were respectively 15.85%, the lowest was 20.9%. Conclusion: Gastrodia elata is an ancient type and Gastrodia elata is a more evolutionary type. Gastrodia elata.