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目的探讨海军航空兵１９８９～１９９８年招飞体检内科淘汰的原因。方法查阅历年淘汰学生体检表，对内科淘汰原因进行分类归纳及统计分析。结果１９８９～１９９８年间参加内科实检７６１１人，因内科疾病淘汰１２８４人，淘汰率为１６．８７％。其中血压偏高、心脏杂音、肝大是内科淘汰的三个主要原因，分别淘汰５６５人（７．４２％），４３１人（５．６６％），６８人（０．８９％）。结论血压偏高高居内科疾病的首位可能与以下几个因素有关：受检查者处于应激状态，导致交感神经兴奋，引起血中儿茶酚胺类物质分泌增多，使得心肌收缩力增强、外周小动脉痉挛，血压增高；受检者具有高血压家族遗传史；由心血管、肾脏及内分泌疾患导致血压偏高。心脏杂音近两年已由原内科淘汰疾病的第三位跃居为第二位，其增高的原因可能与体检医生对杂音等级与性质的判定和标准掌握不一致及降低了血压偏高与肝脾肿大的淘汰率使心脏杂音的比率相对提高有关。此外，肝脾大、脉速、期前收缩、肝炎病史等也是构成内科淘汰的病因。因此笔者建议体检中严格检测方法，提高检测准确率。
Objective To investigate the causes of naval aviation troops’ phasing out of medical examination from 1989 to 1998. Methods Check out the physical examination table of students over the years, the reasons for the elimination of internal medicine classification and statistical analysis. Results During the period from 1989 to 1998, 7611 people took part in the internal medicine examination, and 1284 people were eliminated due to internal diseases. The elimination rate was 16.87%. Among them, high blood pressure, heart murmur and hepatomegaly were the three major causes of medical obsolescence. 565 (7.42%), 431 (5.66%) and 68 (0.89%) were eliminated. Conclusions The high blood pressure in the first place of medical diseases may be related to the following factors: The examinee is in a state of stress, leading to sympathetic excitation, causing increased secretion of catecholamines in the blood, making myocardial contractility increased, peripheral arterioles spasm, Blood pressure increased; the subjects had a family history of hypertension; cardiovascular, kidney and endocrine disorders caused by high blood pressure. Heart murmur in the past two years has been the third out of the original internal medicine leapt to the second place, the reason may be elevated and physical examination doctors on the noise level and nature of the judgment and standard control is inconsistent and reduce the high blood pressure and liver and spleen Enlargement of the out rate of the rate of heart murmur relative increase. In addition, hepatosplenomegaly, pulse rate, premature rupture, history of hepatitis, etc. also constitute the etiology of internal medicine eliminated. Therefore, I recommend a strict test methods in physical examination, improve the detection accuracy.