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Objective:The aim of the study was to investigate the expression and clinical significance of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) in breast cancer patients.Methods:The expression of ALDH1 protein was examined by immunohistochemical staining in 96 breast cancer tissues.The disease-free survival analysis of patients was evaluated based on the clinical follow-up data.Results:Expression of ALDH1 protein had significant correlations with ER,PR,and HER2 proteins (P＜ 0.05),but had no significant correlations with age,tumor size,clinical stage,P-glycoprotein,and lymph node status (P＞0.05).The 2-year disease-free survival rate of ALDH1-positive patients was lower than that of ALDH1-negative patients (P＜0.05).ALDH 1-positive patients undergoing chemotherapy and hormonal therapy had lower 2-year disease-free survival rate than ALDH 1-negative patients (P＜0.05).Conclusion:ALDH1 expression might play an important role in drug resistant,and ALDH1 may be used as a prognostic marker.