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相隔海峡的台湾与大陆文化发展从古至今一脉同源,但特殊的历史背景又使得台湾地区近代城镇发展与大陆地区相比具有一定的特殊性与差异。台湾先后经历了农村生产模式转型与新农村再生治理阶段,为推动农村地区的发展,实现农村地区生产、生活、生态的和谐发展,采取了一系列的政策措施。但在这些政策实施的十几年过程中,台湾地区同样面临传统聚落的保护与经济发展的矛盾问题。随着新农村再生治理机制的实行,以及2005年出台了《文资法》后,台湾对传统聚落文化景观的评价、保护与发展取得了一定成效。基于文化视角对海峡两岸地区的传统聚落景观评价体系进行了比对研究,并对两者产生差异性的因素在社会、历史、文化、经济等方面作出了论述,并进一步总结,为我国新型城镇化背景下传统聚落的保护与发展提供了启示。
Taiwan and Taiwan separated from each other across the Straits have the same origin of cultural development from the ancient times to the present. However, the special historical background makes the development of modern cities and towns in Taiwan more specific and different than the mainland. Taiwan has successively experienced the transformation of rural production patterns and the regeneration and management of new rural areas. A series of policies and measures have been adopted to promote the development in rural areas and to achieve the harmonious development of production, living and ecology in rural areas. However, during the more than 10 years of implementing these policies, Taiwan also faces the contradiction between the protection of traditional settlements and economic development. With the implementation of the new rural regeneration and management mechanism and the introduction of the “Culture Law” in 2005, Taiwan has made some achievements in the evaluation, protection and development of the traditional settlement cultural landscape. Based on the cultural perspective, this paper makes a comparative study on the evaluation system of the traditional settlements landscape across the Taiwan Strait, and makes a discussion of the differences between the two in terms of social, historical, cultural and economic aspects, and further summarizes the research results for our country’s new towns Enlightenment has been given to the protection and development of traditional settlement under the background of modernization.