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目的运用中国总膳食研究的方法,结合世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)撤销的每周可耐受摄入量(PTWI)的最新评估状况,评价中国居民膳食铅的暴露分布。方法开展2007年中国总膳食研究,利用获得的全国12个省的代表性膳食样品以及膳食调查数据,测定样品中的铅含量,得到中国居民10个性别年龄组的铅暴露量、分布状况、膳食来源以及评价其暴露分布状况。结果中国居民10个性别年龄组的铅的摄入量为48.7～116.7μg/d。2～7岁以及8～12岁组儿童少年的铅暴露情况最不容乐观,其平均值和中位数暴露边界比(MOE)均已小于1(0.1～0.3)。膳食铅的食物来源基本一致,均以谷类和蔬菜类膳食为主,贡献率为57%。结论需要进一步降低中国各性别年龄组的膳食铅暴露,尤其是低年龄组儿童少年。
Objective To evaluate the distribution of dietary lead exposure in Chinese population by using the method of Chinese total diet and combining with the latest assessment of weekly tolerable intake (PTWI) withdrawn by the Joint Committee of Food Additives (JECFA). Methods A total Chinese dietary study was conducted in 2007 and the lead content in the samples was determined by using the representative dietary samples obtained from 12 provinces in China and the dietary survey data. The lead exposure, distribution and diet of 10 Chinese age groups were obtained Source and evaluation of their exposure distribution. Results The intake of lead in 10 sex age groups of Chinese residents was 48.7-116.7 μg / d. Lead exposure of children aged 2 to 7 years and 8 to 12 years was the least optimistic, and the mean and median exposure border ratio (MOE) was less than 1 (0.1-0.3). Dietary lead food sources are basically the same, are mainly cereal and vegetable diet, the contribution rate of 57%. Conclusions There is a need to further reduce dietary lead exposure in all sex age groups in China, especially for children and adolescents in lower age groups.