(1)偏重于需求管理。从理论上说,当供给小于需求,出现不平衡时,调节应是两方面的:减少需求的同时,增加供给。但是近年来南波匈三国普遍实行了以紧缩为主的政策,在扩大涨价范围和幅度的同时,减少补贴,以压缩个人消费,同时利用财政和信贷手段大力削减基建投资,以达到强行压缩总需求的目的。然而在短缺经济中,投资减少会 (1) emphasis on demand management. In theory, when supply is less than demand and there is an imbalance, the adjustment should be twofold: reducing demand while increasing supply. In recent years, however, South Korea-Hungary has generally adopted a tightening-oriented policy. While expanding the scope and rate of price increases, it has also reduced subsidies to reduce personal consumption while using treasury and credit facilities to reduce infrastructure investment so as to achieve total reduction The purpose of the demand. However, in a shortage economy, investment will decrease