问题的提出今年,我国遭受特大的洪涝灾害,给国民经济造成的直接和间接的影响还无从得知。但是,人类在灾害面前并不是无能为力的。事实上,千百年来,人类在与灾害作斗争的过程中总结出了丰富的经验。不少学科从不同的角度对灾害进行了研究。遗憾的是,人类与灾害作斗争的原始历史记录以及对灾害的研究成果很少被有意识的运用科学的方法加以集中统一管理、保存、运用。在我国,灾害的预测预报工作由科研机构负责,而救灾事务由民政部门具体办理,遇到特大灾害,便以党政机关的名义成立“抗救指挥部”(或办公室),各级负责人亲临抗灾救灾前沿,动员党、政、军、农、工、商齐力抗救。救灾工作结束,指 PROBLEM PROBLEMS This year, no direct or indirect impact on our national economy is known until after our country suffered from catastrophic floods. However, mankind is not helpless in the face of disasters. In fact, mankind has accumulated a wealth of experience in the fight against disasters for thousands of years. Many disciplines have studied disasters from different perspectives. Regrettably, the original historical records of mankind in combating disasters and the results of research on disasters are seldom used in a centralized and unified management, preservation and application by consciously applying scientific methods. In our country, the disaster prediction and forecasting work is undertaken by scientific research institutions, while the disaster relief affairs are handled by the civil affairs department. In case of catastrophic disaster, the “rescue headquarters” (or office) is set up under the name of party and government organs, In front of the disaster relief disaster relief mobilization of the party, government, military, agricultural, industrial and commercial work together to fight the blaze. Disaster relief work ended, referring to