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目的探讨青海地区藏族和汉族乙型肝炎病毒感染后不同模式的特点和意义。方法采用ELISA法检测青海省疾病预防控制中心门诊就诊的HBV受检者2 079例。HBsAg阳性者采用胶体金法复检。结果 2 079例HBV受检者病毒血清标志物模式有14种,主要模式为A模式,占29.34%。汉族占同民族比率为33.84%,藏族占同民族比率为15.49%。大三阳同民族比率藏族与汉族差异有统计学意义。所有HBsAg感染模式男性均高于女性,藏族男性尤为突出。汉族大三阳年龄组最高值比率在21~30岁,藏族人群此项检出年龄组最高值在31~40岁。结论青海地区HBV感染人群感染模式表现多样性组合模式,HBsAb阳性为主要模式,藏族同民族比率明显低于汉族,提示藏族疫苗接种率低于汉族。藏族男性人群是乙型肝炎预防感染的重点人群;藏族人群乙肝大三阳检出率年龄组比汉族偏高提示转阴率相对偏低,预后相对不良。
Objective To explore the characteristics and significance of different patterns of hepatitis B virus infection in Tibetan and Han nationality in Qinghai. Methods 2079 cases of HBV subjects in outpatient clinic of Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention were detected by ELISA. HBsAg-positive colloidal gold method re-examination. Results There were 14 serum markers of 2 079 HBV patients, the main pattern was A pattern, accounting for 29.34%. Han nationality accounts for the same ethnic ratio is 33.84%, Tibetan nationality ratio is 15.49%. There is a significant difference between the ethnic groups of Sanshengyang and Han nationalities in Tibetan and Han nationality. All HBsAg-positive men were higher than women, especially Tibetan males. The highest ratio of the Han nationality Sanyang age group is 21-30 years old, and the highest value of the Tibetan age group is 31-40 years old. Conclusions Infection patterns of HBV infection in Qinghai showed diversity combination pattern with positive HBsAb as the main pattern. The same ethnic rate of Tibetan people was significantly lower than that of Han nationality, which suggested that the Tibetan vaccination rate was lower than Han nationality. The Tibetan male population is the focus of hepatitis B infection prevention. The detection rate of HBeAg in Tibetan population is higher than that of Han nationality, indicating that the negative conversion rate is relatively low and the prognosis is relatively poor.