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自1963年麻疹(M)疫苗被批准使用以来,每年报告的麻疹病例数比疫苗使用前下降98%以上。1981～1988年,麻疹发病相对稳定,每年大约3000例。但是,1989～1990年,麻疹发病率上升,超过以前的5倍。据认为这与M疫苗一剂接种,免疫应答不足者的积累有关。为减少此种积蓄,新近建议新入学的大学生及直接接触病人的医护人员等高危人群,进行第二剂M疫苗接种。第二剂接种麻疹—流行性腮腺炎—风疹(MMR)疫苗,则同时改善流行性腮腺炎和风疹之免疫。
Since the measles (M) vaccine was approved for use in 1963, the number of reported measles cases per year has dropped more than 98% from the pre-vaccine dose. From 1981 to 1988, the incidence of measles was relatively stable at about 3,000 cases per year. However, the incidence of measles rose from 1989 to 1990, more than five times the previous rate. It is believed that this M Vaccine vaccination, the accumulation of immune response are related. To reduce such savings, a new dose of M vaccination is recommended for newly-admitted undergraduates and high-risk groups such as those who come into direct contact with patients. The second dose of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine will improve both mumps and rubella immunity.