本文拟对目前美国职业卫生标准的组织管理及执行情况作一综合介绍,内容包括:职业安全与卫生署(Occupational Safety and Health Administation,OSHA)及国家职业安全与卫生研究所(National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health、NIOSH)的职能;标准的制订及执行;存在问题及发展趋势。一、OSHA及NIOSH的职能: 1970年,美国议会进行了一次有关职业安全与卫生问题的调查,发现: 1、全美国八千万工人中,每年约有14,000人死 This article intends to provide a comprehensive introduction to the current organizational management and implementation of occupational health standards in the United States, including Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH); development and implementation of standards; problems and trends. I. Functions of OSHA and NIOSH: In 1970, the U.S. Congress conducted a survey on occupational safety and health issues and found that: 1. Among the 80 million workers in the United States, about 14,000 people die each year