经济波动是指经济在长期的运行过程中表现出来的具有规律性的高峰与低谷相互交替的现象。即经济在一个快速发展阶段后,通常会进入一个缓慢的调整期,需求下降,投资萎缩,对人们的生活产生严重的影响。但是从另外一方面讲,经济波动可以纠正经济活动中的许多结构性矛盾,一定程度上能够促进经济结构的不断优化和升级,为新一轮的经济发展奠定基础。因此,经济波动虽不可避免,但也能被人们积极地利用。 Economic fluctuations refer to the phenomenon that the regular peaks and troughs that the economy shows in the long run are alternated. That is, after a period of rapid economic growth, the economy will usually enter a slow period of adjustment. Decreasing demand and shrinking investment will have a serious impact on people’s lives. On the other hand, however, economic fluctuations can correct many of the structural contradictions in economic activities and to a certain extent promote the continuous optimization and upgrading of the economic structure and lay the foundation for the new round of economic development. Therefore, although economic fluctuations are inevitable, they can also be actively used by people.