一在传统的李嘉图学派的经济学概念中,租金是指永远没有供给弹性的生产要素(如土地)的报酬,它是诱使这种生产要素进入市场所必需的最小的额外收益。马歇尔发展了租金的概念,他认为租金还应包括被称为准租金的暂时没有供给弹性的生产要素的报酬。现代经济学中的国际贸易理论和公共选择理论发现,政府的政策干预和行政管制,如进出口配额的分配、生产许可证的发放、物价管制乃至于 In the classical Ricardian school of economics, rent refers to the remuneration of never-yet-flexible production elements such as land, the minimum additional gain necessary to bring this factor of production into the market. Marshall developed the concept of rents, which he believes should also include what is known as quasi-rent payment, which is temporarily not supplied with flexibility. International trade theory and public choice theory in modern economics find that government policy intervention and administrative control, such as the distribution of import and export quotas, the issuance of production licenses, price controls and even