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目的研究产后6~8周妇女阴道微生物环境的变化特征及细菌性阴道病(BV)的发病率,关注产后妇女的生殖道健康状况。方法以220例产后6~8周内妇女为产后组,100例普查妇女(普查组)及150例妊娠妇女(妊娠组)为对照,取阴道分泌物涂片革兰氏染色,按Nugent评分系统对菌群分类,进一步诊断BV。结果 (1)产后组中,阴道分娩BV发病率(36.11%)高于剖宫产分娩者(22.37%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。喂养方式对产后妇女BV发病率无显著影响(P>0.05)。(2)产后组阴道乳酸杆菌量显著少于普查组及妊娠组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)产后组BV的发病率(31.36%)高于普查组(17.00%)和妊娠组(13.33%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论产后妇女阴道乳酸杆菌量减少,菌群比例明显失调。分娩方式对产后妇女BV发病率有影响,而喂养方式对产后妇女BV发病率无显著影响。产后妇女BV发病率较高。
Objective To study the changes of vaginal microbiological environment and the incidence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) in women with postpartum period of 6 to 8 weeks, and to pay attention to the reproductive tract health of postpartum women. Methods 220 cases of postpartum women within 6-8 weeks postpartum group, 100 census women (census group) and 150 cases of pregnant women (pregnancy group) as control, take vaginal smear Gram stain, according to the Nugent scoring system Classify bacteria to further diagnose BV. Results (1) In the postpartum group, the incidence of vaginal delivery BV (36.11%) was higher than that of cesarean delivery (22.37%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Feeding methods had no significant effect on the incidence of postpartum women BV (P> 0.05). (2) The quantity of vaginal lactobacilli in the postpartum group was significantly less than that in the general survey group and the pregnancy group (P <0.05). (3) The incidence of BV in postpartum group (31.36%) was higher than that in census group (17.00%) and pregnancy group (13.33%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The amount of vaginal lactobacilli in postpartum women is reduced, and the proportion of the flora is obviously imbalanced. The mode of delivery had an impact on the incidence of postpartum women, while the mode of feeding had no significant effect on the incidence of postpartum women. Postpartum women with a higher incidence of BV.