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随着城镇化的快速推进,我国经济社会发展进入转型期,乡村地域向多元方向发展和演变。近年来,乡村多功能发展成为地理学研究的重要课题,成为指导乡村转型发展的新理论和新范式。在系统梳理乡村多功能发展概念及其内涵基础上,探索村域尺度下我国乡村地域多功能的类型划分及其评价方法,并开展了江苏省金坛市乡村地域生态功能、农业功能、工业功能、生活功能及其综合功能的分级评价与空间分异研究,进而识别出全市分村域的地域主导功能类型。结果表明:生态功能高值区主要分布在环长荡湖、直溪镇和薛埠镇等水网密集、林地资源丰富的地区;农业功能高值区主要分布在金坛市中部和南部等河网平原地区;工业功能高值区主要集中在中心城区周边和尧塘镇等城市集聚发展区域;生活功能高值区主要集中在中心城区周边等地;乡村地域多功能指数呈现出以城区为中心、向外围逐渐递减的空间分异特征;全市乡村地域主导功能可划分为6种类型,并揭示其空间分布特征、分别总结其所对应的乡村发展策略。研究结果可为明确乡村功能定位、优化主体功能区划、完善乡村管理政策以及促进乡村可持续发展提供科学依据。
With the rapid urbanization, China’s economic and social development has entered a period of transition, and rural areas have developed and evolved in various directions. In recent years, the multi-functional development of rural areas has become an important issue in the study of geography and has become a new paradigm and new paradigm for guiding the rural transformation and development. On the basis of systematically combing the concept of rural multi-functional development and its connotation, this paper explores the classification and evaluation method of multi-functions of rural areas in China based on the scale of villages and implements the ecological functions, agricultural functions and industrial functions of rural areas in Jintan, Jiangsu Province , Life function and its integrated function of the hierarchical evaluation and spatial differentiation study, and then identify the city’s sub-district of the dominant function type. The results showed that the high value areas of ecological function were mainly distributed in areas with dense water networks and rich forest resources such as Changdang Lake, Zhixi Town and Xuebu Town; the areas with high agricultural function mainly distributed in the rivers in the central and southern Jintan Network plain areas; high-value industrial areas are mainly concentrated in the central city area and Yaotang Town and other urban agglomeration development areas; high-value life areas are mainly concentrated in the surrounding areas such as the central city; rural area multi-function index showing a city center , And gradually diminish to the periphery. The dominant functions of rural areas in the city can be divided into six types and their spatial distribution characteristics are revealed, and the corresponding rural development strategies are summarized respectively. The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for clarifying the orientation of rural functions, optimizing the zoning of main functions, improving rural management policies and promoting the sustainable development of rural areas.