在明代后期社会环境的严酷导致文人画家产生了消极冷淡的人生态度,学道参禅,“出世、无为”的思想观念深深的渗透到他们的美学思想中,他们崇尚自然不加雕饰,以清淡水墨写意表现其“以素净为贵”的理念,用“平淡”来抒发自己的感情。于是,这一时期的作品尽管皆以真山真水为依据,但不论所描绘的是春夏秋冬还是崇山峻岭,都一律表现为冷落、淡泊的“无人间烟火”的境界。 In the late Ming Dynasty, the harshness of the social environment led to the negative and indifferent life attitudes of the literati painters. The ideas and concepts of participating in meditation, “birth, inaction ” deeply infiltrated into their aesthetics thought. They advocated nature without carving, In order to express their intimacy of ink and wash its “pure for your ” concept, with “plain” to express their feelings. As a result, although the works of this period are based on true mountains and rivers, no matter what they are depicted, they are always depicted as cold and indifferent.