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磷酸一铵(MAP)属生理中性肥料,含 N11％,P_2O_5 45％。使用方便,简装运费低,增产效果好,颇受农民欢迎。但近年在石灰性土壤上给小麦施肥,有盲目增大用量的倾向,不但浪费了肥料,而且提高了农业生产成本。为了克服这种弊病,特作如下粗浅建议。(一)磷酸一铵的用量问题用量问题牵涉到肥料、土壤、作物三者的关系问题。即按设计作物最佳产量所需的磷量,减去土壤当季可供给磷量,其差数以磷酸一铵中的磷补充。氮素养份不足可用单质氮肥补充。根据中国农科院土肥所在河北、山东、京郊、湖北、陕西、新疆等石灰性土壤上试验研究结果,磷酸一铵用量可按下式计算:
Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) is a physiological neutral fertilizer containing N11%, P_2O_5 45%. Easy to use, light shipping low, increase production efficiency, popular with farmers. However, in recent years, fertilizing wheat on calcareous soil has the tendency of blindly increasing the amount of fertilizer, which not only wastes the fertilizer but also increases the agricultural production cost. In order to overcome this disadvantage, especially for the following superficial suggestion. (A) the amount of monoammonium phosphate usage problems The amount of fertilizer involves the problem of soil, crops, the relationship between the three issues. That is, the amount of phosphorus needed to design the optimal crop yield, minus the amount of available phosphorus in the soil season, and the difference to phosphorus in monoammonium phosphate to supplement. Nitrogen deficiency can be used to supplement elemental nitrogen. According to the experimental results of soil fertilizers by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences on calcareous soils in Hebei, Shandong, Beijing suburbs, Hubei, Shaanxi and Xinjiang, the dosage of monoammonium phosphate can be calculated as follows: