Provide long -term follow -up data fo r women treated in a randomized multicenter study of pegylated liposomal dox-orubicin compared with topotecan.P atients with epithelial ovarian cancer that recurred after o r failed to respond to firstline platinum -based chemotherapy were randomized to receive pegylated liposomal doxoru bicin 50mg /m 2 every28days(n =239)or topotecan 1.5mg /m 2 per day for 5days every 21days(n =235).Patients were stratified prospectively based on response to i nitial platinum -based chemotherapy as well as the presence or absence of bulky disease.Most patients had been previously treated with platinum and taxanes(74%in the pegylated liposomal doxorubicin group and 72%in the topotecan group).Survival data are mature:87%of patients have died(n =413).There was an 18%reduction in the ris k of death for patients treated with pegy lated liposomal doxoru-bicin(median survival 62.7weeks for pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and 59.7weeks for topotecan -treated pa-tients;HR =1.216;95%confidence in terval(CI )1.000-1.478;P =0.050).The hazard ratio for all randomized subjects(includes those randomized,but never treated;n =481)was 1.23(median survival 63.6weeks for pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and 57.0weeks for topotecan -treated patients;95%CI 1.01-1.50;P =0.038).For patients with platinum -sensitive dis-ease,there was a 30%reduction in the risk of death for the pegylated liposomal doxorubicin -t reated group(median survival 107.9weeks for pegylated l iposomal doxorubicin and 70.1weeks for topotecan -treate d patients;HR =1.432;95%CI 1.066-1.923;P =0.017).In pa-tients with platinum -refractory di sease,survival was similar between treatment groups.L ong -term follow -up demonstrates that treatmentwith pegylated liposomal dox-orubicin significantly prolongs su rvival compared with topotecan in patients with recurren t and refractory epithelial ovarian cancer.The survival benefi t is pronounced in pa-tients with platinumsensitive dise ase. Provide long -term follow-up data fo r women treated in a randomized multicenter study of pegylated liposomal dox-orubicin compared with topotecan. Patients with epithelial ovarian cancer that recurred after or failed to respond to first liner platinum-based chemotherapy were randomized to receive pegylated liposomal doxoru bicin 50 mg / m 2 every 28 days (n = 239) or topotecan 1.5 mg / m 2 per day for 5 days every 21 days (n = 235). Patients were stratified prospectively based on response to i nitial platinum-based chemotherapy as well as the presence or absence of bulky disease. Patients were already treated with platinum and taxanes (74% in the pegylated liposomal doxorubicin group and 72% in the topotecan group). Survival data are mature: 87% of patients have died (n = 413). There was an 18% reduction in the ris k of death for patients treated with pegy lated liposomal doxoru-bicin (median survival 62.7 weeks for pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and 59.7 weeks for topotecan -treated pa-tients; HR = 1.216; 95% confidence in terval (CI) 1.000-1.478; P = 0.050) .The hazard ratio for all randomized subjects (including those randomized, but never treated; n = 481) was 1.23 (median survival 63.6 weeks for pegylated liposomal For patients with platinum -sensitive dis-ease, there was a 30% reduction in the risk of death for the pegylated liposomal doxorubicin-t (95% CI 1.01-1.50; P = 0.038) reated group (median survival 107.9 weeks for pegylated l iposomal doxorubicin and 70.1 weeks for topotecan -treate d patients; HR = 1.432; 95% CI 1.066-1.923; P = 0.017) .In pa-tients with platinum- refractory diase, survival was similar between treatment groups. L ong -term follow-up demonstrates that treatment with pegylated liposomal dox-orubicin significantly prolongs su rvival compared with topotecan in patients with recurren t and refractory epithelial ovarian cancer. the survival benefi t is pronounced in pa-tients with platinumsensitive dise ase.