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随着一系列轨道转移飞行器的工程化实施,航天器可能面临的非合作交会威胁日趋严重。针对该问题,根据交会机动的特点定义了新的规避机动指标——潜在威胁区,相较于传统的相对距离和碰撞概率等规避指标,潜在威胁区更适合航天器在面对非合作交会追踪器时进行规避机动,能够有效提升航天器的抗交会能力。首先,建立追踪器多脉冲最优交会模型,以此为基础给出潜在威胁区的定义与计算方法;然后,以潜在威胁区弧长为优化目标,建立了目标器最优规避模型,采用遗传算法进行目标优化;最后,根据所建立的双层优化模型进行数值仿真,以初始相距100km为初始条件进行仿真并计算得到了使潜在威胁区为零所需规避脉冲值,验证了文中模型的正确性,结果显示所定义的潜在威胁区弧长随着规避脉冲的增大呈严格的单调递减关系。研究为在轨航天器在面对非合作交会时提供了有效的规避策略,提升了航天器的空间生存能力。
With the engineering implementation of a series of orbiting aircraft, the non-cooperative rendezvous threat that the spacecraft may face is becoming more and more serious. According to the characteristics of rendezvous and maneuvering, this paper defines a new maneuvering target-potential threat area. Compared with the traditional circumvention indicators such as relative distance and collision probability, the potential threat area is more suitable for spacecraft to face non-cooperative rendezvous and tracking Avoid maneuvering, can effectively enhance the spacecraft’s ability to deal with the anti-rendezvous. Firstly, the model of multi-pulse trapezoid intersection is established, and the definition and calculation method of potential threat area is given. Then, based on the arc length of potential threat area as the optimization target, the optimal target avoidance model is established, Finally, based on the established two-layer optimization model, numerical simulations are performed to simulate the initial distance of 100km as the initial condition and the evanescent pulse values required to make the potential threat area zero are calculated. The correctness of the model is verified The results show that the arc length of the potential threat area defined by the rule is strictly monotonically decreasing with the increase of the evanescent pulse. The research provides an effective evasion strategy for on-orbit spacecraft in the face of non-cooperative rendezvous and enhances the space survivability of the spacecraft.