不同的现代化进程,影响着政党政治在各国的缘起和变迁。在英美国家,政党是一个社会性要素,从其诞生之初起,政党参与政治活动就是在宪政原则下进行的。然而,英美政党政治的传统和作为其经验总结的政党理论并不能充分解释作为建国者和治国者的政党。以苏俄为代表,在政党主导下进行现代化制度变迁的国家,存在着一个与英美国家的“社会中心主义传统”截然不同的“政党中心主义传统”。 Different stages of modernization have an impact on the origins and changes of party politics in various countries. In the Anglo-American countries, the political parties are a social factor. From the very beginning of their birth, political parties participated in political activities under the principle of constitutionalism. However, the traditions of Anglo-American party politics and those of political parties that are summed up in their experiences do not fully explain the political parties that are state-building and governing statesmen. In the countries represented by the Soviet Union as the representative and under the leadership of political parties, there is a “tradition of party-centered centralism” that is completely different from the “social-cen- tral tradition” of the Anglo-American countries.