《史记》描述了汉代知识状况 ,它指出 ,伴随着汉代经济情况的改善 ,汉代社会完成了从需求客体的贫困向文化象征图式的贫困的转换 ;在这一背景中 ,汉代知识分子受制于华夏民族的国家体认这一历史过程的制约陷入尴尬的情景 ;司马迁的意义就在于他恢复了知识分子对意义的守护和阐释这一超越性使命。 Historical Records describes the state of knowledge in the Han Dynasty. It states that with the improvement of the economic conditions in the Han Dynasty, the Han society completed the transition from the poverty of the demand object to the poverty of the cultural symbolism. In this context, the Han intellectuals were subject to Huaxia nationality recognized the restriction of this historical process as an embarrassing situation. The significance of Sima Qian lies in his restoration of the intellectual’s guardianship of meaning and the interpretation of this transcendental mission.