论文部分内容阅读
目的:调查2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的患病率及糖化血红蛋白的认知水平,探讨两者之间的关系。方法:选取220例2型糖尿病患者进行免散瞳眼底照相,收集患者临床资料,同时测定空腹血糖(FBG)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)。问卷调查患者的文化程度、对HbA1c的认知情况、近一年来是否进行HbA1c及眼底检查。按免散瞳眼底摄片结果将患者分为无明显糖尿病视网膜病变组(NDR)和糖尿病视网膜病变组(DR),分别对两组进行临床特征和糖化血红蛋白认知水平的比较分析。结果:220例患者中DR的患病率为32.7%、27.7%,患者HbA1c认知水平良好,随着年龄层次的降低及文化程度的提高,HbA1c认知水平有逐渐增加的趋势(P<0.05)。近一年来,56.8%的患者未检查HbA1c,85.0%的患者未检查眼底。与NDR组比较,DR组年龄、DM病程、FBG、和HbA1c差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),合并高血压病更多,文化程度更低(P<0.05)。DR组的HbA1c认知水平、近一年来进行HbA1c检查例数均显著低于NDR组(P<0.05)。结论:2型糖尿病住院患者DR患病率较高、筛查率低、HbA1c的认知水平低。提高糖尿病患者的自我管理能力,认识到HbA1c在血糖管理的重要性,定期眼底检查将有助于DR的早期防治。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the level of HbA1c in type 2 diabetic patients and to explore the relationship between the two. Methods: 220 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected for funduscopic fundus photography. The clinical data were collected and the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured simultaneously. Questionnaire survey of patients with education, HbA1c cognitive status, the past year whether to conduct HbA1c and fundus examination. The patients were divided into non-diabetic diabetic retinopathy (NDR) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) according to the results of non-mydriatic fundus photography. The clinical characteristics and the levels of HbA1c were compared between the two groups. Results: The prevalence of DR in 220 patients was 32.7% and 27.7%, respectively. The cognitive level of HbA1c was gradually increased with age and education level (P <0.05 ). In the past year, 56.8% of patients did not check HbA1c, 85.0% of the patients did not check the fundus. Compared with NDR group, there were significant differences in the age, DM course, FBG, and HbA1c between the DR group and the control group (P <0.05), with more hypertension and lower education level (P <0.05). The cognition level of HbA1c in DR group and the number of HbA1c in the past year were significantly lower than those in NDR group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Inpatients with type 2 diabetes have a higher prevalence of DR, lower screening rate, and lower cognitive level of HbA1c. Improve self-management ability of diabetic patients, recognize the importance of HbA1c in blood glucose management, and regular fundus examination will be helpful for the early prevention and treatment of DR.