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对外开放以来,我国经济发展取得显著成效,但就业增长率长期滞后于经济增长率,经济增长的就业弹性水平一直很低。本文运用第一、第二、第三产业产值和就业数据,运用结构偏离度这一衡量指标分析产业结构升级对就业结构的影响;同时,利用线性回归方法分析我国产业结构升级对就业总量的影响,结果表明产业升级能够增加就业总量。通过以上分析,发现我国就业矛盾的原因主要在于产业结构与就业结构不相称,就业结构滞后于产业结构的发展,第三产业发展不足。最后本文为解决这种产业结构和就业结构的不协调提出了一些建议。
Since the opening up to the outside world, the economic development in our country has achieved remarkable results. However, the employment growth rate has lagged behind the economic growth rate for a long time, and the employment elasticity of economic growth has been very low. This article uses the output value of the first, the second and the third industry and the employment data to analyze the influence of the upgrading of the industrial structure on the employment structure by using the measure of structural deviation. At the same time, using the linear regression method to analyze the impact of the upgrading of the industrial structure on the total employment Impact, the results show that industrial upgrading can increase the total amount of employment. Through the above analysis, it is found that the main reason for the employment contradiction in our country is that the industrial structure is not commensurate with the employment structure, the employment structure lags behind the development of the industrial structure, and the tertiary industry is underdeveloped. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions to solve the uncoordinated industrial structure and employment structure.