目的：研究患者教育对舌下特异性免疫治疗的变应性鼻炎患者依从性的影响。方法518例尘螨过敏且进行舌下特异性免疫治疗的变应性鼻炎患者分为试验组(200例)和对照组(318例)，在首诊、治疗后第1,3,8周对试验组患者进行电话随访和患者教育，而对照组患者仅门诊就医。治疗后第4，8周行两组间脱落情况统计和脱落原因分析。结果治疗4周后，试验组和对照组患者的脱落率分别为12.5%和37.4%（P＜0.01）。治疗8周后，试验组和对照组的脱落率分别是24.3%和53.7%（P＜0.01）。两组脱落原因有显著差异性是患者对坚持长期用药缺乏信心和如何具体用药困惑。(P＜0.01，P＜0.05)；结论患者教育有助于降低接受舌下特异性免疫治疗患者的脱落率，提高患者的依从性。“,”Objective To study the influence of patients education on compliance of patients with al ergic rhinitis treated with sublingual immunotherapy. Methods 518 al ergic rhinitis patients had randomly enrol ed from the Fujian provincial hospital and divided into control (318 patients) and experimental group (200 patients). The experimental group had accepted patient education program including on-site education, fol ow-up by phone and education at 1st, 3rd and 8th week after treatment, while the control had only accepted investigation for reasons of drop-out. During the 8 weeks, situation and reasons of drop-out in both groups at each visit were recorded and analyzed. Results During first 4 weeks, 12.5% patients in experimental group and 37.4% patients in control group had been failed to adhering with the medical prescription, and the statistical y significant difference had been observed(P<0.01). After 8 weeks, rate of drop-out in the experimental group was 24.3%, but the control was 53.7%, and significant difference (P<0.01) existed between groups; The rate of drop-out resulted from long-term therapy or confusion of immunotherapy procedure were both 2.2%, but the control were 21.5% and 10.7% respectively, the differences(P<0.01,P<0.05) between groups were statistical y significant too; Conclusion Patients education could significantly decrease the rate of drop-out and improve the compliance during sublingual immunotherapy.