一、前言正如一些作者〔1,2〕所描述,人们使用原子荧光光谱分析是由于其具有:高灵敏度和高的测定能力;很宽的动力学线性范围;光谱干扰少;化学干扰少以及光学色散元件简单等优点。至于原子荧光作为对高温源的温度和空间的有效诊断手段早已为人们所熟知。原子荧光的主要组成部分可分为五类:激发光源,原子化或离子化器,光学元件,色散元件和检测系统。此五类组成可简述如下:(i)已用过的激发光源可分为线光源和连续光源二种:线光源包括金属蒸气放电灯(Cd,Zn,Ga,In,Tl,Na,K和Hg),空心阴极灯,无极放电灯,高频电感耦合等离子体(ICP),以及激光光源;连续光源只有氙弧灯用于多元素分析较为成功。(ii)原子荧光中的原子化或离子化器有火焰(H_2基火焰和C_2H_2基火焰),无火焰(包括石墨炉,碳丝,碳棒,脉冲电弧和阴极溅射室等),以及等离子(包括 Ar—ICP 和直流等离子)。(iii)光学元件包括激发光源进入原子化器的入射光学系统和从原子化器进入色散体系的光学系统。这些元件包括:透镜,反射镜,光阑和滤光片等。(iv)色散元件包括单色器和滤光器,使用日盲光电倍增管可以不用任何滤光器和其他单色器。(v)检测系统可用光电转换法和照相法。光电转换法采用光电倍增管接受光信 I. INTRODUCTION As described by some authors [1, 2], people use atomic fluorescence spectrometry because of their high sensitivity and high determination capacity, wide kinetic linear range, less spectral interference, less chemical interference, and optical Dispersing elements such as simple. As atomic fluorescence has long been known as an effective diagnostic tool for the temperature and space of high temperature sources. The main components of atomic fluorescence can be divided into five categories: excitation light source, atomization or ionizer, optical components, dispersion components and detection systems. The five components can be summarized as follows: (i) The used excitation light sources can be divided into two types: linear light sources and continuous light sources: linear light sources include metal vapor discharge lamps (Cd, Zn, Ga, In, Tl, Na, K And Hg), hollow cathode lamps, electrodeless discharge lamps, high-frequency inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and laser light sources; continuous light sources Only xenon arc lamps are more successful for multi-element analysis. (ii) Flames (H 2 -based flame and C 2 H 2 -based flame), flameless (graphite furnace, carbon filament, carbon rod, pulse arc and cathode sputtering chamber, etc.) atomized or ionized in atomic fluorescence, and plasma (Including Ar-ICP and DC plasma). (iii) The optical element includes an incident optical system that excites a light source into the atomizer and an optical system that enters the dispersion system from the atomizer. These components include: lenses, mirrors, diaphragms and filters. (iv) The dispersive element includes a monochromator and an optical filter, which eliminates the need for any filters and other monochromators. (v) The detection system is available for photoelectric conversion and photographic methods. Photoelectric conversion method using photomultiplier tube to receive optical communications