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超电位 离子在电极上的实际(放电)电位与理论(放电)电位的差值。人们把离子在电极上放电的实际电位称为离子析出电位,它与平衡(理论)电位的差值的绝对值即为该离子的超电位。由于电解产物在电极上析出过程由一系列步骤组成,包括离子的放电,原子结合成分子,对有气体生成的过程还包括气泡脱离电极等,上述
The difference between the actual (discharge) potential and the theoretical (discharge) potential of the superpotential ion on the electrode. The actual potential at which an ion is discharged on an electrode is called the ion precipitation potential. The absolute value of the difference between the ion and the equilibrium (theoretical) potential is the overpotential of the ion. Since the precipitation of the electrolysis product on the electrode consists of a series of steps, including the discharge of ions, the binding of atoms to molecules, and the formation of gas, the separation of electrodes from bubbles, etc.