在过去十年中 ,基因治疗方法已经成为新治疗技术的前沿。随着人们对载体生物学及疾病分子水平机制更深刻的了解 ,载体技术的巨大发展 ,已经显著地提高了人类基因治疗领域的水平。本文将讨论基因转移载体中借助于病毒的部分 ,着重阐述了目前最新建立的病毒载体 ,包括借助于小病毒、腺病毒、逆后病毒、斑病毒和疱疹病毒的载体及其新进展。过去的研究已表明 ,除了优化转基因表达的载体 ,减少与载体相关的免疫反应及载体产物外 ,还需要建立适宜的靶细胞载体转导的载体释放方法。这篇综述也将阐述一些目前先进的适宜载体给药的体内释放系统 In the past decade, gene therapy has become the forefront of new therapeutic technologies. With the deeper understanding of carrier biology and disease molecular level mechanisms, the enormous development of vector technology has significantly raised the level of human gene therapy. This article will discuss the part of the gene transfer vector by means of the virus, highlighting the currently established virus vectors, including vectors with the help of the lentivirus, adenovirus, retrovirus, spot virus and herpes virus and their new progress. Past studies have shown that in addition to optimizing vectors for transgene expression and reducing vector-associated immune responses and carrier products, it is also desirable to establish appropriate vectors for target cell vector transduction. This review will also describe some of the most advanced systems of delivery in vivo suitable for vector administration