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为探明杀虫剂在稻田使用后对鱼类的毒性效应,以鲫幼鱼为测试生物,测定了5类7种稻田常用杀虫剂对鲫幼鱼的急性毒性。结果表明,吡虫啉对鲫幼鱼的毒性最低,24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h的LC50分别为56.946mg/L、53.655 mg/L、51.151 mg/L、49.604 mg/L,安全浓度为4.960 mg/L;毒性最高的为溴氰菊酯,24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h的LC50分别为0.032 mg/L、0.025 mg/L、0.019 mg/L、0.015 mg/L,安全浓度为0.002 mg/L。根据《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》,吡虫啉、噻虫嗪和吡蚜酮对鲫幼鱼为低毒,噻嗪酮和三唑磷对试验鱼类为中毒,毒死蜱对其为高毒,溴氰菊酯对其毒性最大,为剧毒。该结果可为杀虫剂在养鱼稻田的合理使用提供科学依据。
In order to find out the toxic effects of insecticides on the fish after they were used in paddy fields, the acute toxicity of common insecticides to 5 species and 7 paddy fields to juvenile crucian carp was tested with juvenile crucian carp as test organism. The results showed that the toxicity of imidacloprid to juvenile crucian carp was the lowest. The LC50 of imidacloprid were 56.946mg / L, 53.655mg / L, 51.151mg / L and 49.604mg / L for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h respectively 4.960 mg / L and the highest toxicity was deltamethrin. The LC50 values at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h were 0.032 mg / L, 0.025 mg / L, 0.019 mg / L and 0.015 mg / L respectively The concentration of 0.002 mg / L. According to “Guidelines for the Evaluation of Environmental Safety of Chemical Pesticides”, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and pymetrozine were low toxicity to juvenile crucian carp, and buprofezin and triazophos were poisoned to test fish. Chlorpyrifos was highly toxic to it and bromine Cypermethrin is the most toxic, highly virulent. The results provide a scientific basis for the rational use of pesticides in fish farming paddy fields.