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1 前言在以石油精炼、氨合成、甲醇合成为中心的化学工业领域,大量使用高温高压状态的氢。当设备材料长时间暴露在这种环境中时,侵入钢中的氢和碳发生反应而在晶界上生成微小的甲烷(CH_4)气泡。随着气泡的长大,气泡与气泡互相合并而形成微裂纹,致使机械强度显著降低。这就是所谓高温氢蚀劣化(高温氢致裂纹)现象,它已成为安全作业上的一个重要问题,迄今尚无有效的无损诊断技术。
1 Introduction In the field of chemical industry focusing on petroleum refining, ammonia synthesis and methanol synthesis, a large amount of hydrogen is used under high temperature and high pressure. When equipment materials are exposed to this environment for extended periods of time, the hydrogen in the infiltrated steel reacts with the carbon to create tiny methane (CH 4) bubbles at the grain boundaries. As the bubble grows, bubbles and bubbles merge with each other to form microcracks, resulting in a significant reduction in mechanical strength. This is the so-called high temperature hydrogen erosion (high temperature hydrogen cracking) phenomenon, which has become an important issue in safe operation, so far there is no effective non-destructive diagnostic techniques.