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目的了解新疆伊犁地区哈、维、汉族农村妇女乳腺癌的认知差异现状,为制定不同民族农村妇女乳腺癌筛查工作提供依据。方法用随机抽样的方法选取伊犁地区伊宁县和新源县的哈萨克族、维吾尔族和汉族农村妇女为调查对象,采用自制问卷进行乳腺癌认识及筛查水平调查。结果共发放问卷1 200份,回收有效问卷1 115份,回收率为92.92%;85%以上的汉族妇女对乳腺癌知识有清晰认识,没做过乳腺临床检查的维吾尔族、哈萨克族妇女分别为41.1%、31.6%,哈萨克族、维吾尔族和汉族农村妇女乳腺癌认知及筛查水平有显著差异。结论伊犁地区哈萨克族和维吾尔族农村妇女乳腺癌认知和筛查水平均低于汉族农村妇女,应加大对哈萨克族和维吾尔族农村妇女乳腺癌筛查的宣传力度,提高妇女对乳腺癌的认知和筛查水平。
Objective To understand the status quo of breast cancer awareness among rural women from Kazakhstan, Uygur and Han nationality in Ili, Xinjiang and to provide evidence for the development of breast cancer screening among rural women from different ethnic groups. Methods A random sample of Kazak, Uyghur and Han rural women in Yining and Xinyuan counties in Yili Prefecture was selected as the research object. A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate breast cancer awareness and screening level. Results A total of 1 200 questionnaires were sent out, 1 115 valid questionnaires were collected, and the recovery rate was 92.92%. More than 85% of Han women had a clear understanding of breast cancer knowledge. Uyghur and Kazakh women who did not have clinical examination of breast were 41.1% and 31.6% respectively. There was a significant difference in the level of awareness and screening of breast cancer among Kazakh, Uighur and Han rural women. Conclusion The cognition and screening of breast cancer in Kazak and Uygur rural women in Ili Prefecture are lower than that of Han women in rural areas. The promotion of breast cancer screening among Kazakh and Uighur rural women should be intensified to raise the awareness of breast cancer in women Cognitive and screening levels.