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[目的]了解农牧区居民对鼠疫相关知识知晓情况及对健康教育途径的需求,为今后开展该人群的教育干预提供依据。[方法]随机抽取兴海、湟源2个县556名居民为调查对象,采用自制的调查表,就15个鼠疫相关知识和希望获取健康教育的途径进行了调查。[结果]农业区居民鼠疫防控知识知晓率为60.31%,牧区居民为57.27%,前者稍高于后者,但差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.217,P﹥0.05)。大部分农牧民都知道鼠疫是一种传染病,可以感染人,后果比较严重,但可以预防。但对鼠疫的病原体和跳蚤能传播鼠疫等问题的知晓率非常低。农牧民希望获得鼠疫防治知识的途径多种多样,但以免费传单和画册及向医生咨询为主。[结论]农牧区居民都掌握一定的鼠疫防治知识,但是知晓率不是很高,应继续加强对农牧民鼠疫防控知识的宣传教育,并应采用通俗易懂、藏汉双语、形式多样的途径和手段。
[Objective] To understand the public awareness of plague related knowledge and the demand for health education in rural and pastoral areas, and provide the basis for carrying out education intervention in this population in the future. [Methods] A total of 556 residents in 2 counties of Xinghai and Laiyuan were randomly selected as the survey subjects, and self-made questionnaires were used to investigate 15 plague-related knowledge and ways of obtaining health education. [Result] The awareness rate of prevention and control of plague in agricultural area was 60.31% and that of pastoral area was 57.27%. The former was slightly higher than the latter, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.217, P> 0.05). Most peasants and herdsmen know that plague is an infectious disease that can infect people, but the consequences are serious but can be prevented. However, there is very little awareness of the plague pathogens and the spread of plague among fleas. There are many ways for farmers and herdsmen to gain knowledge on the prevention and treatment of plague, but free flyers and catalogs and consultation with doctors are the main ways. [Conclusion] Residents in rural and pastoral areas all have certain knowledge about the prevention and control of plague, but the awareness rate is not very high. Publicity and education on the prevention and control of plague should be further strengthened and should be easy to understand, bilingual in Tibetan and Chinese, Ways and means.