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在总结上世纪80年代以来岩溶塌陷监测预报方法的基础上,从岩溶塌陷自身特点和光纤传感技术监测原理出发,对目前光纤传感技术应用于岩溶塌陷监测预报急需解决的关键技术问题进行了探讨分析,主要包括环境温度影响、光纤敷设和预报模型建立三个方面。光纤本身的光学特性决定环境温度变化会影响光纤的变形测量,其解决办法主要是进行温度补偿和监测数据修正处理;光纤敷设,主要是解决光纤与岩土体同步变形问题,其办法是通过室内实验确定适宜的胶结剂和最优配比;建立光纤应变与岩土体变形的关系模型是应用光纤传感技术进行岩溶塌陷监测预报的关键,其解决办法为室内模拟实验。
On the basis of summarizing the monitoring and forecasting methods of karst collapse since the 1980s, based on the characteristics of karst collapse and the monitoring principle of optical fiber sensing technology, the key technical problems that the application of optical fiber sensing technology in monitoring and forecasting karst collapse are urgently needed Discussion and analysis, mainly including the impact of ambient temperature, optical fiber laying and forecasting model establishment in three aspects. Optical fiber itself determines the optical properties of environmental temperature changes will affect the measurement of optical fiber deformation, the solution is mainly temperature compensation and monitoring data correction; optical fiber installation, mainly to solve the optical fiber and rock and soil synchronous deformation, the method is through the indoor Experiments to determine the appropriate binder and the optimal ratio; the establishment of optical fiber strain and deformation of rock and soil model is the application of optical fiber sensing karst collapse monitoring and forecasting the key to solve the indoor simulation experiments.